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Proof of The Tracial Algebra of a Noncommutative Law is a Tracial W*-Probability Space: the W*-Closure of the Left Multiplications

lemmalem:nc-law-tracial-w-star-2026a
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· 4,087 chars · 14 deps · depth 22 Reason: V-A1: proof that law algebras are tracial W*-probability spaces.

The left multiplications form a cyclic tracial operator algebra on the GNS space with conjugation JlambdaJ_lambda, which carries LpL_p to Rp∗R_{p*}; the tracial algebra is then the commutant of the right action, so the tracial W*-closure theorem applies; the law is recovered from the vacuum and the evaluation lemma.

Proof

Each result cited below is universally quantified over the data in its own statement.

Write H=Hλ\mathcal{H}=\mathcal{H}_{\lambda}, Ω=Ωλ\Omega=\Omega_{\lambda}, J=JλJ=J_{\lambda}, A=Aλ\mathcal{A}=\mathcal{A}_{\lambda}, and p^\widehat{p} for the class of p∈Pdp\in\mathcal{P}_{d}. By Noncommutative Laws of Finitely Many Self-Adjoint Variables with a Norm Bound §law there is a real r>0r>0 with λ∈Σd,r\lambda\in\Sigma_{d,r}, so Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation applies to λ\lambda; by Noncommutative Laws, Couplings and the Wasserstein Distance: Standing Notation §gns, LpL_{p}, RpR_{p} and JJ are the operators of that lemma.

Claim 1. We check the conditions of Cyclic Tracial Operator Algebras and Their Traces §triple. Condition (a): A⊆L(H)\mathcal{A}\subseteq\mathcal{L}(\mathcal{H}) by Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §multiplication; I=L1∈AI=L_{1}\in\mathcal{A}, and for p,q∈Pdp,q\in\mathcal{P}_{d} and c∈Cc\in\mathbb{C}, Lp+Lq=Lp+qL_{p}+L_{q}=L_{p+q}, cLp=LcpcL_{p}=L_{cp}, LpLq=LpqL_{p}L_{q}=L_{pq} and Lp∗=Lp∗L_{p}^{*}=L_{p^{*}} belong to A\mathcal{A} by Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §algebra and Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §adjoint. Condition (b): ∥Ω∥=1\lVert\Omega\rVert=1 and LpΩ=p^L_{p}\Omega=\widehat{p} by Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §vacuum, so AΩ={p^: p∈Pd}\mathcal{A}\Omega=\{\widehat{p}:\ p\in\mathcal{P}_{d}\}, which is the image of the canonical map of the Hilbert completion H\mathcal{H} (The Complex GNS Space of a Tracial State on Noncommutative Polynomials §gns and The Complex GNS Space of a Tracial State on Noncommutative Polynomials §classes) and hence dense in H\mathcal{H} by The Complex Hilbert Completion is a Complex Hilbert Space Containing a Dense Isometric Image, and Bounded Complex-Linear Maps Extend to It §dense. Condition (c): for p,q∈Pdp,q\in\mathcal{P}_{d}, by Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §algebra, Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §vacuum and condition (c) of Noncommutative Laws of Finitely Many Self-Adjoint Variables with a Norm Bound §tracial-state,

⟨Ω,LpLqΩ⟩=⟨Ω,LpqΩ⟩=λ(pq)=λ(qp)=⟨Ω,LqpΩ⟩=⟨Ω,LqLpΩ⟩.\langle\Omega,L_{p}L_{q}\Omega\rangle=\langle\Omega,L_{pq}\Omega\rangle=\lambda(pq)=\lambda(qp)=\langle\Omega,L_{qp}\Omega\rangle=\langle\Omega,L_{q}L_{p}\Omega\rangle.

So (H,A,Ω)(\mathcal{H},\mathcal{A},\Omega) is a cyclic tracial operator algebra.

By Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §conjugation, JJ is additive, conjugate-homogeneous, involutive and satisfies ⟨Jξ,Jη⟩=⟨η,ξ⟩\langle J\xi,J\eta\rangle=\langle\eta,\xi\rangle, so it is a conjugation of H\mathcal{H} in the sense of Conjugation of a Complex Hilbert Space §conjugation; and for p∈Pdp\in\mathcal{P}_{d}, J(LpΩ)=Jp^=p∗^=Lp∗Ω=Lp∗ΩJ(L_{p}\Omega)=J\widehat{p}=\widehat{p^{*}}=L_{p^{*}}\Omega=L_{p}^{*}\Omega. By the uniqueness in The Trace, the Conjugation and the Right Action of a Cyclic Tracial Operator Algebra §conjugation, JJ is the conjugation of (H,A,Ω)(\mathcal{H},\mathcal{A},\Omega). Finally JAJ={JLpJ: p∈Pd}={Rp∗: p∈Pd}J\mathcal{A}J=\{JL_{p}J:\ p\in\mathcal{P}_{d}\}=\{R_{p^{*}}:\ p\in\mathcal{P}_{d}\} by Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §conjugation, and this equals {Rq: q∈Pd}\{R_{q}:\ q\in\mathcal{P}_{d}\} because every q∈Pdq\in\mathcal{P}_{d} is p∗p^{*} for p=q∗p=q^{*}, by (q∗)∗=q(q^{*})^{*}=q in Noncommutative Polynomials Form a Unital Complex Algebra with Involution: Linear Extension from Monomials, Products, Adjoints and Self-Adjoint Parts §adjoint.

Claim 2. By The Tracial Algebra of a Noncommutative Law and Its Trace §algebra and The Commutant of a Set of Bounded Operators on a Complex Hilbert Space §commutant, Mλ\mathcal{M}_{\lambda} is the commutant of {Rq: q∈Pd}=JAJ\{R_{q}:\ q\in\mathcal{P}_{d}\}=J\mathcal{A}J, i.e. Mλ=(JAJ)′\mathcal{M}_{\lambda}=(J\mathcal{A}J)'. This is the algebra MM of The Tracial W*-Closure of a Cyclic Tracial Operator Algebra: the Commutant of the Right Action is a Tracial W*-Probability Space Equal to the Double Commutant for the cyclic tracial operator algebra (H,A,Ω)(\mathcal{H},\mathcal{A},\Omega) with conjugation JJ (Claim 1). By The Tracial W*-Closure of a Cyclic Tracial Operator Algebra: the Commutant of the Right Action is a Tracial W*-Probability Space Equal to the Double Commutant §double-commutant, Mλ=A′′\mathcal{M}_{\lambda}=\mathcal{A}''; by The Tracial W*-Closure of a Cyclic Tracial Operator Algebra: the Commutant of the Right Action is a Tracial W*-Probability Space Equal to the Double Commutant §w-star, (H,Mλ,Ω)(\mathcal{H},\mathcal{M}_{\lambda},\Omega) is a tracial W*-probability space whose conjugation is JJ. Its trace, by Tracial W*-Probability Spaces §trace and Cyclic Tracial Operator Algebras and Their Traces §trace, is T↦⟨Ω,TΩ⟩T\mapsto\langle\Omega,T\Omega\rangle on Mλ\mathcal{M}_{\lambda}, which is τλ\tau_{\lambda} by The Tracial Algebra of a Noncommutative Law and Its Trace §trace.

Claim 3. By Evaluation of Noncommutative Polynomials at Bounded Operators: a Unital Homomorphism Compatible with Adjoints, Substitution, Representations and the GNS Multiplication Operators §gns with n=dn=d, p(Lx)=p(Lx1,…,Lxd)=Lpp(L_{x})=p(L_{x_{1}},\dots,L_{x_{d}})=L_{p} for every p∈Pdp\in\mathcal{P}_{d}. Hence ⟨Ω,p(Lx)Ω⟩=⟨Ω,LpΩ⟩=λ(p)\langle\Omega,p(L_{x})\Omega\rangle=\langle\Omega,L_{p}\Omega\rangle=\lambda(p) by Left and Right Multiplication Operators on the Complex GNS Space of a Noncommutative Law: Boundedness, Algebra Rules, Adjoints, Commutation, the Vacuum and the Conjugation §vacuum.

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