By extensionality: a map from the empty set has no pairs and so is empty, the empty set is such a map, and these are exactly the elements of the singleton of the empty set.
By Axiom of Extensionality for Classes it suffices to show, for every set , that if and only if . By The Elements of the Class of Functions from a Set to a Set, and This Class Is a Set (i), if and only if is a map, and by The Empty Set, the Unordered Pair and the Singleton (iii), if and only if .
Let be a map. By Functions, Values of a Function, and Functions from One Class to Another (iii), is a function, hence a relation, with . If had an element , then for sets and by Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (i), and by Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (ii), which is impossible. So has no element, and .
Conversely, is a map. Having no element, is a relation, and it is a function, the condition of Functions, Values of a Function, and Functions from One Class to Another (i) on its pairs holding vacuously. By Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (ii) and Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (iii), a set lies in or in only if some pair lies in ; so both classes have no element. Hence , and , so by Functions, Values of a Function, and Functions from One Class to Another (iii).
Thus if and only if , that is, if and only if .
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