TheoremBase

By extensionality: a map from the empty set has no pairs and so is empty, the empty set is such a map, and these are exactly the elements of the singleton of the empty set.

Proof

By Axiom of Extensionality for Classes it suffices to show, for every set FF, that F∈Bβˆ…F\in B^{\emptyset} if and only if F∈{βˆ…}F\in\{\emptyset\}. By The Elements of the Class of Functions from a Set to a Set, and This Class Is a Set (i), F∈Bβˆ…F\in B^{\emptyset} if and only if F:βˆ…β†’BF:\emptyset\to B is a map, and by The Empty Set, the Unordered Pair and the Singleton (iii), F∈{βˆ…}F\in\{\emptyset\} if and only if F=βˆ…F=\emptyset.

Let F:βˆ…β†’BF:\emptyset\to B be a map. By Functions, Values of a Function, and Functions from One Class to Another (iii), FF is a function, hence a relation, with dom⁑F=βˆ…\operatorname{dom}F=\emptyset. If FF had an element pp, then p=(u,v)p=(u,v) for sets uu and vv by Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (i), and u∈dom⁑F=βˆ…u\in\operatorname{dom}F=\emptyset by Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (ii), which is impossible. So FF has no element, and F=βˆ…F=\emptyset.

Conversely, βˆ…:βˆ…β†’B\emptyset:\emptyset\to B is a map. Having no element, βˆ…\emptyset is a relation, and it is a function, the condition of Functions, Values of a Function, and Functions from One Class to Another (i) on its pairs holding vacuously. By Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (ii) and Relations, Domain, Range, Inverse and Composition (iii), a set lies in domβ‘βˆ…\operatorname{dom}\emptyset or in ranβ‘βˆ…\operatorname{ran}\emptyset only if some pair lies in βˆ…\emptyset; so both classes have no element. Hence domβ‘βˆ…=βˆ…\operatorname{dom}\emptyset=\emptyset, and ranβ‘βˆ…βŠ†B\operatorname{ran}\emptyset\subseteq B, so βˆ…:βˆ…β†’B\emptyset:\emptyset\to B by Functions, Values of a Function, and Functions from One Class to Another (iii).

Thus F∈Bβˆ…F\in B^{\emptyset} if and only if F=βˆ…F=\emptyset, that is, if and only if F∈{βˆ…}F\in\{\emptyset\}.

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