A bounded function on [a,b] is Riemann integrable exactly when, for every positive epsilon, some partition has upper and lower sums less than epsilon apart; and the integral of an integrable function lies between the lower and the upper sum of every partition.
In the setting of The Real Line: Standing Notation and Background for Calculus on Intervals, let with , and let be bounded: there is with for every . Let partitions of be as in Partitions of a Closed Interval, the Set of Partitions, and Refinements (i), let and be the upper sum and the lower sum of with respect to a partition , and let Riemann integrability on and the integral be as in The Riemann Integral on a Closed Interval via Lower and Upper Integrals.
is Riemann integrable on if and only if for every real there is a partition of with .
If is Riemann integrable on , then for every partition of .
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