TheoremBase

Sums of Series: a Convergent Series Has a Real Sum, and a Bound on All Partial Sums Bounds the Sum in [0,∞]

The sum of a convergent real series is a real number, and the sum of a sequence in [0,∞] is at most every element of the extended real line that bounds all of its partial sums.

Statement

In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let [−∞,∞][-\infty,\infty] and [0,∞][0,\infty] be as in The Extended Real Line, Its Order, and [0,∞] (ii), with the order ≤\le of The Extended Real Line, Its Order, and [0,∞] (iii).

Let (ak)(a_{k}) be a sequence in R\mathbb{R}. If the series ∑k=1∞ak\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}a_{k} of (ak)(a_{k}) converges, then its sum ∑k=1∞ak\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}a_{k} is a real number.

Let (ak)(a_{k}) be a sequence in [0,∞][0,\infty], with partial sums sn=∑k=1naks_{n}=\sum_{k=1}^{n}a_{k} and sum ∑k∈Nak\sum_{k\in\mathbb{N}}a_{k}, and let t∈[−∞,∞]t\in[-\infty,\infty]. If sn≤ts_{n}\le t for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N}, then

∑k∈Nak≤t.\sum_{k\in\mathbb{N}}a_{k}\le t.

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