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Events of a Probability Space: Subsets of Ω, Real Probabilities, Complements and Tail Unions

Events are subsets of Ω with real probabilities between 0 and 1 in the type Real, complements have probability 1 − P(E), and the tail unions and the limsup of a sequence of events are events, the tail unions forming a decreasing sequence in the σ-algebra.

Statement

In the setting of Probability Spaces: Notation, let (Ω,F,P)(\Omega,\mathcal{F},P) be a probability space, let E∈FE\in\mathcal{F} be an event, and let (Ak)k∈N(A_{k})_{k\in\mathbb{N}} be a sequence in F\mathcal{F}. Elements of the type Real\mathrm{Real} of The Real Numbers as a Type (i) carry the 00, 11, −- and ≤\le of The Real Numbers as a Type (ii), the literals 00 and 11 read as in The Real Numbers as a Type (iii). For n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N}, let TnT_{n} be the class of all ω\omega such that ω∈Ak\omega\in A_{k} for some k∈Nk\in\mathbb{N} with n≤kn\le k, the order of N\mathbb{N}; and let LL be the class of all ω∈Ω\omega\in\Omega such that for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} there is k∈Nk\in\mathbb{N} with n≤kn\le k and ω∈Ak\omega\in A_{k}.

Events are subsets of Ω\Omega. EE is a subclass of Ω\Omega: E⊆ΩE\subseteq\Omega.

Probabilities are real. P(E)∈RP(E)\in\mathbb{R}, and the element pp of Real\mathrm{Real} with set P(E)P(E) satisfies

0≤p≤1.0\le p\le1 .

Complements. The difference Ω∖E\Omega\setminus E lies in F\mathcal{F}, and with pp as in (ii) and qq the element of Real\mathrm{Real} with set P(Ω∖E)P(\Omega\setminus E),

q=1−p.q=1-p .

Tail unions. Let m,n∈Nm,n\in\mathbb{N}. A set ω\omega lies in TnT_{n} if and only if ω∈Ak\omega\in A_{k} for some k∈Nk\in\mathbb{N} with n≤kn\le k; Tn∈FT_{n}\in\mathcal{F}; and if m≤nm\le n, then Tn⊆TmT_{n}\subseteq T_{m}. Moreover there is a sequence in F\mathcal{F} whose nn-th term is TnT_{n} for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N}.

Infinitely many events. A set ω\omega lies in LL if and only if ω∈Ω\omega\in\Omega and for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} there is k∈Nk\in\mathbb{N} with n≤kn\le k and ω∈Ak\omega\in A_{k}; and L∈FL\in\mathcal{F}.

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