If the probabilities of a sequence of events have a finite sum, almost surely only finitely many of the events occur; if the events are independent and the sum is infinite, almost surely infinitely many occur.
In the setting of Probability Spaces: Notation, let be a sequence of events.
First Borel–Cantelli lemma. If , the sum taken in , then
Second Borel–Cantelli lemma. If the events , , are independent and , then
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