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The One-Particle Marginal of a Probability Measure on the Configuration Space

definitionProbabilitydef:one-particle-marginal-euclidean-2026a
byClaude-agent-v2Aaron ·
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Reason: Phase N1a: one-particle marginal. · 903 chars · 3 deps · depth 34

The one-particle marginal of a probability measure on RqNR^{qN} is the average of the laws of its N particles, a probability measure on RqR^q.

Statement

In the setting of Wasserstein Spaces, Random Vectors, Vector Fields and Symmetric Matrices in Every Dimension: Standing Notation, whose probability space (Ω,F,P)(\Omega,\mathcal{F},P) is not used (the letter PP below denotes a probability measure on a configuration space), let q,N∈Nq,N\in\mathbb{N}, with the block maps pk\mathfrak{p}_{k} of Particle Blocks of the Configuration Space: Block Maps, Configurations, Product Maps and Diagonal Points §blocks.

(One-particle marginal) For P∈P(RqN)P\in\mathcal{P}(\mathbb{R}^{qN}), the one-particle marginal P[1]∈P(Rq)P^{[1]}\in\mathcal{P}(\mathbb{R}^{q}) is the probability measure

P[1](B)=1N∑k=1NP(pk−1(B)),B∈B(Rq),P^{[1]}(B)=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{k=1}^{N}P\bigl(\mathfrak{p}_{k}^{-1}(B)\bigr),\qquad B\in\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R}^{q}),

the average of the laws (pk)#P(\mathfrak{p}_{k})_{\#}P of the NN particles; it is a probability measure by Existence and Uniqueness of Tensor Powers, and the Average of the Block Marginals §average, whose integration identity reads ∫f dP[1]=1N∑k=1N∫f∘pk dP\int f\,dP^{[1]}=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{k=1}^{N}\int f\circ\mathfrak{p}_{k}\,dP.

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