Perturbation Splitting of a Quadratic Form
lemmaAnalysisLinear AlgebraPDElem:quadratic-form-perturbation-split-2026aLet be a natural number and let be the real numbers with the order of their ordered field structure. On Euclidean space , a real vector space, write for the sum of points, and for the difference and dot product, and for the Euclidean norm, abbreviating .
Let be a symmetric real matrix, write for the matrix-vector product, for the product , for the sum of real matrices, for the scalar multiple, and for the norm of the symmetric matrix . Let satisfy , so that exists by claim 7 of Elementary Order Arithmetic in an Ordered Field.
Then the following hold.
1. (Symmetry of the associated bilinear form) For all ,
2. (Quadratic form of the square) For every ,
3. (Perturbation splitting) For all ,
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