Approximation Property of the Supremum and the Infimum in
lemmaAnalysislem:supremum-infimum-approximation-real-2026aLet denote the real numbers, whose order is that of an ordered field and in particular a total order, and whose addition and additive inverses are those of the underlying field; write for , and write to mean that and . Let be nonempty, and let satisfy .
If is bounded above, then exists by the least upper bound property in The Real Numbers and is unique by Uniqueness of the Supremum and of the Infimum. If is bounded below, then exists and is unique by Existence of the Infimum of a Nonempty Subset of Bounded Below. In these two cases respectively the following hold.
1. (Strict form, above) If is bounded above and satisfies , then there exists with .
2. (Strict form, below) If is bounded below and satisfies , then there exists with .
3. (Epsilon form, above) If is bounded above, then there exists with .
4. (Epsilon form, below) If is bounded below, then there exists with .
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