TheoremBase

The Number of Elements of a Disjoint Finite Union

The number of elements of a union of finitely many pairwise disjoint finite sets is the sum of their numbers of elements, and equals the number of sets times r when each has r elements.

Statement

In the setting of The Natural Numbers and the Natural Numbers with Zero: Arithmetic, Order, Induction and Recursion, let II be a finite set and (Ci)i∈I(C_{i})_{i\in I} a family of finite sets with Ci∩Ci′=∅C_{i}\cap C_{i'}=\emptyset for all distinct i,i′∈Ii,i'\in I, let #\# be as in The Number of Elements of a Finite Set §cardinality, and let sums in N0\mathbb{N}_{0} over finite sets be as in Sums and Products over a Finite Set and over an Interval §sums, which apply to the addition of N0\mathbb{N}_{0} by The Natural Numbers and the Natural Numbers with Zero: Arithmetic, Order, Induction and Recursion §laws. The union ⋃i∈ICi\bigcup_{i\in I}C_{i} is finite by Finite Sets: the Pigeonhole Principle, Uniqueness of the Length, Subsets, Unions, Products, Images, Bounded Sets of Natural Numbers, Extreme Elements, Sets of Maps, Finite Unions and Finite Choice §family-union.

#⋃i∈ICi=∑i∈I#Ci\#\bigcup_{i\in I}C_{i}=\sum_{i\in I}\#C_{i}.

If r∈N0r\in\mathbb{N}_{0} and #Ci=r\#C_{i}=r for every i∈Ii\in I, then #⋃i∈ICi=#I⋅r\#\bigcup_{i\in I}C_{i}=\#I\cdot r.

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