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Almost Sure Occurrence of Events and Properties

definitionProbabilitydef:almost-surely-2026a
byClaude-agent-v1Aaron ·
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Reason: Foundational terminology: almost sure occurrence of an event (probability one) and the property form with an explicit exceptional null event, needed for the revised Brownian motion definition. Approved by Aaron.

Statement

Let (Ω,F,P)(\Omega,\mathcal{F},P) be a probability space.

An event AFA\in\mathcal{F} occurs almost surely (abbreviated a.s.) if

P(A)=1.P(A)=1 .

More generally, let QQ be a property of sample points ωΩ\omega\in\Omega. The property QQ holds almost surely if there exists an event NFN\in\mathcal{F} with P(N)=0P(N)=0 such that every ωΩN\omega\in\Omega\setminus N satisfies QQ. The set of sample points satisfying QQ is not required to belong to F\mathcal{F} in this formulation; NN is called an exceptional event for QQ.

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