TheoremBase

Basic Facts about Intervals of the Real Line

The real line, bounded intervals and rays are intervals, an interval contains the closed interval between two of its points, and every point of an interval with two distinct points is approached by other points of it.

Statement

In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let intervals, the bounded intervals [a,b][a,b], (a,b)(a,b), [a,b)[a,b), (a,b](a,b] and the rays (a,∞)(a,\infty), [a,∞)[a,\infty), (−∞,b)(-\infty,b), (−∞,b](-\infty,b] be as in Intervals of the Real Line. Let I⊆RI\subseteq\mathbb{R} be an interval and let a,b,p,q,u,v,x∈Ra,b,p,q,u,v,x\in\mathbb{R}.

R\mathbb{R} is an interval containing two distinct points, and there are s,t∈Rs,t\in\mathbb{R} with s<x<ts<x<t.

If u,v∈Iu,v\in I and u≤vu\le v, then [u,v]⊆I[u,v]\subseteq I.

If p,q∈Ip,q\in I and p<x<qp<x<q, then x∈Ix\in I.

(p,q)(p,q) is an interval, and if x∈(p,q)x\in(p,q), then there are s,t∈(p,q)s,t\in(p,q) with s<x<ts<x<t.

If a≤ba\le b, then [a,b][a,b] is an interval, a,b∈[a,b]a,b\in[a,b] and (a,b)⊆[a,b](a,b)\subseteq[a,b]; if moreover a<ba<b, then [a,b][a,b] contains two distinct points.

[a,b][a,b], (a,b)(a,b), [a,b)[a,b), (a,b](a,b], (a,∞)(a,\infty), [a,∞)[a,\infty), (−∞,b)(-\infty,b) and (−∞,b](-\infty,b] are intervals.

If II contains two distinct points, x∈Ix\in I, δ∈R\delta\in\mathbb{R} and δ>0\delta>0, then there is t∈It\in I with 0<∣t−x∣<δ0<|t-x|<\delta.

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