TheoremBase

Generalized Distributivity: Expanding a Product of Finite Sums

Statement

Let KK be a field. Let N\mathbb{N} be the set of natural numbers with successor map SS as in that definition, let m,n∈Nm,n\in\mathbb{N}, and let [m][m] and [n][n] be the initial segments they determine. Let cc be an nn-tuple of mm-tuples in KK, with components written cikc_{ik} for i∈[n]i\in[n] and k∈[m]k\in[m].

Let [m]n[m]^{n} denote the set of nn-tuples in [m][m], that is, the set of maps f:[n]→[m]f:[n]\to[m]; it is nonempty and finite by claim 3 of Finiteness of Cartesian Products, Tuple Sets, and Permutation Sets. Sums and products with a numerical index range are the finite sums and the finite products of KK, and the sum indexed by [m]n[m]^{n} is the sum over a finite index set of Sum over a Finite Index Set.

Then

∏i=1n(∑k=1mcik)=∑f∈[m]n ∏i=1nci f(i).\prod_{i=1}^{n}\Bigl(\sum_{k=1}^{m}c_{ik}\Bigr)=\sum_{f\in[m]^{n}}\ \prod_{i=1}^{n}c_{i\,f(i)}.

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