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A hyperplane separates two subsets of Rn if they lie in opposite closed half-spaces, strictly if in opposite open half-spaces, and strongly if a positive margin separates them.
Separation.H(a,α)separatesC and D if C⊆H≤(a,α) and D⊆H≥(a,α), or C⊆H≥(a,α) and D⊆H≤(a,α).
Strict separation.H(a,α)strictly separatesC and D if C⊆H<(a,α) and D⊆H>(a,α), or C⊆H>(a,α) and D⊆H<(a,α).
Strong separation.H(a,α)strongly separatesC and D if there is a real number ε>0 such that
a⋅x≤α−εfor every x∈Canda⋅y≥α+εfor every y∈D,
or the same holds with C and D exchanged.
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