TheoremBase

Standard Basis Vectors of ℝ^q: Coordinates, Orthonormality and Unit Length

The dot product of the k-th standard basis vector of RqR^q with a point w is the k-th coordinate of w; consequently the standard basis vectors are orthonormal and each has Euclidean norm 1.

Statement

In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let q∈Nq\in\mathbb{N}, let [q][q] be as in Intervals of Natural Numbers §segment, and let points of Rq\mathbb{R}^{q} have components as in Euclidean Space Rn\mathbb{R}^n: n-Tuples of Real Numbers with Their Componentwise Operations §membership. For k∈[q]k\in[q] let ek∈Rqe_{k}\in\mathbb{R}^{q} be the kk-th standard basis vector, which exists and is unique by The Matrix Product, Matrix-Vector Product, Transpose, Trace, Identity Matrix and Standard Basis Vectors Exist and Are Unique §basis. For x,y∈Rqx,y\in\mathbb{R}^{q} write x⋅yx\cdot y for the dot product and ∥x∥\lVert x\rVert for the Euclidean norm. Let k,l∈[q]k,l\in[q] and w∈Rqw\in\mathbb{R}^{q}.

ek⋅w=wke_{k}\cdot w=w_{k}.

ek⋅el=1e_{k}\cdot e_{l}=1 if k=lk=l, and ek⋅el=0e_{k}\cdot e_{l}=0 if k≠lk\neq l.

∥ek∥=1\lVert e_{k}\rVert=1.

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