In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices , let N 0 \mathbb{N}_{0} N 0 , N \mathbb{N} N , 0 0 0 and 1 1 1 be as in The Natural Numbers and the Natural Numbers with Zero: Arithmetic, Order, Induction and Recursion (ii) , + + + and ⋅ \cdot ⋅ the addition and multiplication , ≤ \le ≤ and < < < the order and strict order of N 0 \mathbb{N}_{0} N 0 , and [ n ] [n] [ n ] the segment . Let m , n , p ∈ N 0 m,n,p\in\mathbb{N}_{0} m , n , p ∈ N 0 and q ∈ N q\in\mathbb{N} q ∈ N .
(i) Order. n ≤ n n\le n n ≤ n ; if m ≤ n m\le n m ≤ n and n ≤ p n\le p n ≤ p then m ≤ p m\le p m ≤ p ; if m ≤ n m\le n m ≤ n and n ≤ m n\le m n ≤ m then m = n m=n m = n ; m ≤ n m\le n m ≤ n or n ≤ m n\le m n ≤ m ; 0 ≤ n 0\le n 0 ≤ n ; n ≤ n + m n\le n+m n ≤ n + m ; n < n + 1 n<n+1 n < n + 1 ; and
m < n ⟺ ( m ≤ n and m ≠ n ) , m < n + 1 ⟺ m ≤ n . m<n\iff\bigl(m\le n\text{ and }m\neq n\bigr),\qquad m<n+1\iff m\le n. m < n ⟺ ( m ≤ n and m = n ) , m < n + 1 ⟺ m ≤ n .
(ii) Successor. The successor of n n n is n + 1 n+1 n + 1 ; n + 1 ≠ 0 n+1\neq0 n + 1 = 0 ; 1 ∈ N 0 1\in\mathbb{N}_{0} 1 ∈ N 0 ; and n + 1 ∈ N 0 n+1\in\mathbb{N}_{0} n + 1 ∈ N 0 .
(iii) Addition. m + n ∈ N 0 m+n\in\mathbb{N}_{0} m + n ∈ N 0 , and
m + 0 = m , 0 + m = m , m + n = n + m , ( m + n ) + p = m + ( n + p ) . m+0=m,\qquad 0+m=m,\qquad m+n=n+m,\qquad (m+n)+p=m+(n+p). m + 0 = m , 0 + m = m , m + n = n + m , ( m + n ) + p = m + ( n + p ) .
(iv) Cancellation. If m + p = n + p m+p=n+p m + p = n + p , then m = n m=n m = n ; if p + m = p + n p+m=p+n p + m = p + n , then m = n m=n m = n .
(v) Multiplication. m ⋅ n ∈ N 0 m\cdot n\in\mathbb{N}_{0} m ⋅ n ∈ N 0 , and
m ⋅ 1 = m , m ⋅ n = n ⋅ m , m ⋅ 0 = 0 , ( m ⋅ n ) ⋅ p = m ⋅ ( n ⋅ p ) , m ⋅ ( n + p ) = m ⋅ n + m ⋅ p . m\cdot1=m,\qquad m\cdot n=n\cdot m,\qquad m\cdot0=0,\qquad (m\cdot n)\cdot p=m\cdot(n\cdot p),\qquad m\cdot(n+p)=m\cdot n+m\cdot p. m ⋅ 1 = m , m ⋅ n = n ⋅ m , m ⋅ 0 = 0 , ( m ⋅ n ) ⋅ p = m ⋅ ( n ⋅ p ) , m ⋅ ( n + p ) = m ⋅ n + m ⋅ p .
(vi) Natural numbers. For every class x x x : x ∈ N x\in\mathbb{N} x ∈ N if and only if x = j + 1 x=j+1 x = j + 1 for some j ∈ N 0 j\in\mathbb{N}_{0} j ∈ N 0 . Every element of N \mathbb{N} N lies in N 0 \mathbb{N}_{0} N 0 , and q + m ∈ N q+m\in\mathbb{N} q + m ∈ N .
(vii) Segments. q ∈ [ q ] q\in[q] q ∈ [ q ] ; every element of [ n ] [n] [ n ] lies in [ n + 1 ] [n+1] [ n + 1 ] and in N \mathbb{N} N ; and [ n ] [n] [ n ] is finite .