Let $\mathbb{N}$ be the set of \reftext{def:natural-numbers-2026a}{natural numbers}, write $\mathbb{N}_0=\mathbb{N}\cup\{0\}$ for the nonnegative integers, and let $\mathbb{R}$ be the set of \reftext{def:real-numbers-c54-2026c}{real numbers}. We use the \reftext{def:factorial-natural-number-2026a}{factorial} $k!$ for $k\in\mathbb{N}$ together with the conventions $0!=1$ and $x^{0}=1$ for every real $x$, and the \reftext{def:finite-product-notation-2026a}{finite product notation}.

Let $m\in\mathbb{N}$, let $a_1,\dots,a_m\in\mathbb{R}$, and let $d\in\mathbb{N}_0$. Then

The sum is over the finitely many $m$-tuples of nonnegative integers with entrywise $n_j\le d$ summing to $d$.