TheoremBase

Extending a Permutation of [n-1] to a Permutation of [n] with a Prescribed Value, and Its Sign

For i in [n], sending a pair (j, tau) with j in [n] and tau a permutation of [n-1] to the permutation of [n] that maps i to j and acts as tau through the deletion index maps is a bijection onto the permutations of [n], and it multiplies the sign by (-1)^(i+j).

Statement

In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} with 2≤n2\le n, let m=n−1m=n-1, the difference, which lies in N\mathbb{N} by The Index Map Skipping One Element of [n] §difference, and let i∈[n]i\in[n], with [n][n] and [m][m] as in Intervals of Natural Numbers §segment, the sets SnS_{n} and SmS_{m} of permutations of [n][n] and of [m][m], whose elements are maps as in Permutations of a Set and the Set of Permutations of [n] §membership, the sign sgn⁡\operatorname{sgn} on SnS_{n} and on SmS_{m}, for every p∈[n]p\in[n] the deletion index map sp:[m]→[n]s_{p}:[m]\to[n], and the powers (−1)k(-1)^{k} in R\mathbb{R}, k∈N0k\in\mathbb{N}_{0}, as in Commutative Rings, Fields and Ordered Fields: Standard Notation §rings.

There is exactly one map Φi:[n]×Sm→Sn\Phi_{i}:[n]\times S_{m}\to S_{n} such that, for all j∈[n]j\in[n] and τ∈Sm\tau\in S_{m}, Φi(j,τ)(i)=j\Phi_{i}(j,\tau)(i)=j and Φi(j,τ)(si(k))=sj(τ(k))\Phi_{i}(j,\tau)(s_{i}(k))=s_{j}(\tau(k)) for every k∈[m]k\in[m].

The map Φi\Phi_{i} of clause map is a bijection.

For the map Φi\Phi_{i} of clause map and all j∈[n]j\in[n] and τ∈Sm\tau\in S_{m}, sgn⁡(Φi(j,τ))=(−1)i+jsgn⁡(τ)\operatorname{sgn}(\Phi_{i}(j,\tau))=(-1)^{i+j}\operatorname{sgn}(\tau).

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