TheoremBase

Cofactor Expansion of the Determinant along a Row or a Column, and the Adjugate Identity

For a square real matrix of size at least two, the determinant is the sum of the entries of any row, or of any column, times their cofactors, and the product of the matrix with its adjugate, in either order, is the determinant times the identity matrix.

Statement

In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} with 2≤n2\le n for the order of N0\mathbb{N}_{0}, and let A∈Mn(R)A\in\mathcal{M}_{n}(\mathbb{R}) be a square real matrix with entries AijA_{ij}, with the determinant det⁡\det, the cofactors Cij(A)C_{ij}(A) and the adjugate adj⁡(A)\operatorname{adj}(A) of AA, the matrix product, the scalar multiple of a matrix, the identity matrix InI_{n}, and sums as in Commutative Rings, Fields and Ordered Fields: Standard Notation §rings.

For every i∈[n]i\in[n], det⁡A=∑j=1nAijCij(A)\det A=\sum_{j=1}^{n}A_{ij}C_{ij}(A).

For every j∈[n]j\in[n], det⁡A=∑i=1nAijCij(A)\det A=\sum_{i=1}^{n}A_{ij}C_{ij}(A).

Aadj⁡(A)=adj⁡(A)A=(det⁡A)InA\operatorname{adj}(A)=\operatorname{adj}(A)A=(\det A)I_{n}.

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