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Extreme Value Theorem on a Compact Subset of a Metric Space

A real-valued function that is continuous on a nonempty compact subset of a metric space attains a minimum and a maximum on it.

Statement

In the setting of The Real Numbers, with the Natural Numbers, Integers and Rationals Identified with Subsets of the Reals, and Completeness, let (X,d)(X,d) be a metric space, let Td\mathcal{T}_{d} be the set of all U∈P(X)U\in\mathcal{P}(X) that are open in (X,d)(X,d), a topology on XX by The Open Subsets of a Metric Space Form a Topology (i), and let K⊆XK\subseteq X be nonempty and compact in (X,Td)(X,\mathcal{T}_{d}). Let dRd_{\mathbb{R}} be the distance dRd_{\mathbb{R}} on R\mathbb{R}, a metric on R\mathbb{R} by The Absolute Value Metric on the Real Numbers (i), and let f:K→Rf:K\to\mathbb{R} be continuous on KK as a map from (X,d)(X,d) to (R,dR)(\mathbb{R},d_{\mathbb{R}}).

There exist xmin⁡,xmax⁡∈Kx_{\min},x_{\max}\in K such that

f(xmin⁡)≤f(x)≤f(xmax⁡)for every x∈K.f(x_{\min})\le f(x)\le f(x_{\max})\qquad\text{for every }x\in K .

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