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Uniqueness of the Complex Derivative

On an open subset of the complex plane, the difference quotients of a function at a point can approach at most one complex number.

Statement

In the setting of Complex Analysis: Standing Notation, let UU be an open subset of the metric space (C,dC)(\mathbb{C},d_{\mathbb{C}}), let f:U→Cf:U\to\mathbb{C} be a function, and let z∈Uz\in U.

Uniqueness. Let L,M∈CL,M\in\mathbb{C}, and suppose that each of N=LN=L and N=MN=M has the following property: for every real ε>0\varepsilon>0 there is a real δ>0\delta>0 such that every w∈Uw\in U with 0<∣w−z∣<δ0<|w-z|<\delta satisfies

∣f(w)−f(z)w−z−N∣<ε,\Bigl|\frac{f(w)-f(z)}{w-z}-N\Bigr|<\varepsilon ,

the quotient being defined because w≠zw\neq z. Then L=ML=M.

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