The Product of Two Sums over Finite Index Sets is a Sum over the Cartesian Product
lemmaAlgebraSet Theorylem:finite-set-indexed-sum-product-2026aLet be a field, let and be nonempty finite sets, and let and be maps. Let be the Cartesian product of and , formed with the ordered pair; it is nonempty, and it is finite by claim 1 of Finiteness of Cartesian Products, Tuple Sets, and Permutation Sets. For write and for the unique elements with , unique by Characteristic Property of the Ordered Pair. Sums over a finite index set are those of Sum over a Finite Index Set.
Then
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