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Arithmetic and Order of the Natural Numbers

The familiar laws of the natural numbers in terms of N, 1, +, · and ≤: commutativity, associativity, distributivity, cancellation, the order laws and trichotomy, a < b exactly when b = a + d, compatibility of the order with + and ·, 1 is least, nothing lies between a and a + 1, every a ≠ 1 is a successor, induction from 1, the digits 2 to 10 as successive sums with 1, and well-ordering.

Statement

In the setting of Class Theory NBG: the Axioms, Standing Conventions and Basic Notation, let N\mathbb{N} and 11 be as in The Set of Natural Numbers and the Number One §naturals and The Set of Natural Numbers and the Number One §one, let ++ and ⋅\cdot be the addition and the multiplication on the set ω\omega of The Class Omega of Natural Numbers with Zero §omega, of which N\mathbb{N} is a subset, products being formed before sums as in Multiplication on Omega §precedence, and let ≤\le and << be the order and the strict order there. By Natural Numbers Are the Successors in Omega: One Is Least and Not a Successor of a Natural Number, the Successor Is Injective, and N Is Closed under Addition and Multiplication §closed, a+b∈Na+b\in\mathbb{N} and a⋅b∈Na\cdot b\in\mathbb{N} for all a,b∈Na,b\in\mathbb{N}. Let a,b,c∈Na,b,c\in\mathbb{N}.

a+b=b+aa+b=b+a and a⋅b=b⋅aa\cdot b=b\cdot a.

(a+b)+c=a+(b+c)(a+b)+c=a+(b+c) and (a⋅b)⋅c=a⋅(b⋅c)(a\cdot b)\cdot c=a\cdot(b\cdot c).

a⋅(b+c)=a⋅b+a⋅ca\cdot(b+c)=a\cdot b+a\cdot c.

a⋅1=aa\cdot1=a and 1⋅a=a1\cdot a=a.

If a+c=b+ca+c=b+c, then a=ba=b; if a⋅c=b⋅ca\cdot c=b\cdot c, then a=ba=b.

a≤aa\le a; if a≤ba\le b and b≤ab\le a, then a=ba=b; if a≤ba\le b and b≤cb\le c, then a≤ca\le c; a≤ba\le b if and only if a<ba<b or a=ba=b; and if a<ba<b and b<cb<c, then a<ca<c.

Exactly one of a<ba<b, a=ba=b and b<ab<a holds.

a<ba<b if and only if there is d∈Nd\in\mathbb{N} with b=a+db=a+d.

a<ba<b if and only if a+c<b+ca+c<b+c, and a<ba<b if and only if a⋅c<b⋅ca\cdot c<b\cdot c; likewise a≤ba\le b if and only if a+c≤b+ca+c\le b+c, and a≤ba\le b if and only if a⋅c≤b⋅ca\cdot c\le b\cdot c.

1≤a1\le a.

a<a+1a<a+1, a+1≠1a+1\neq1, and there is no d∈Nd\in\mathbb{N} with a<da<d and d<a+1d<a+1.

If a≠1a\neq1, there is d∈Nd\in\mathbb{N} with a=d+1a=d+1.

Let AA be a class with A⊆NA\subseteq\mathbb{N} such that 1∈A1\in A and n+1∈An+1\in A for every n∈An\in A. Then A=NA=\mathbb{N}.

The digits 2,…,92,\dots,9 and the numeral 1010 of Digits and Decimal Numerals §numerals are natural numbers, and 2=1+12=1+1, 3=2+13=2+1, 4=3+14=3+1, 5=4+15=4+1, 6=5+16=5+1, 7=6+17=6+1, 8=7+18=7+1, 9=8+19=8+1 and 10=9+110=9+1.

Every subset ss of N\mathbb{N} with at least one element has an element m∈sm\in s with m≤vm\le v for every v∈sv\in s.

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