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Carathéodory Solutions of an Initial Value Problem

A Carathéodory solution on [a,b] is a function along which the right-hand side is integrable and which satisfies the integral equation at every point; Sol(F,ξ) is the set of them.

Statement

In the setting of Integrals over Subintervals of a Closed Interval: Notation, assume the axiom of dependent choice. Let F:[a,b]×Rn→RnF:[a,b]\times\mathbb{R}^{n}\to\mathbb{R}^{n} be a function and let ξ∈Rn\xi\in\mathbb{R}^{n}.

Carathéodory solutions. A Carathéodory solution on [a,b][a,b] of the integral equation with right-hand side FF and initial value ξ\xi is a function x:[a,b]→Rnx:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}^{n} such that the function r↦F(r,x(r))r\mapsto F(r,x(r)) on [a,b][a,b] lies in L1([a,b];Rn)\mathcal{L}^{1}([a,b];\mathbb{R}^{n}) and xx satisfies the integral equation

x(t)=ξ+∫[a,t]F(r,x(r)) dr(t∈[a,b]).x(t)=\xi+\int_{[a,t]}F\bigl(r,x(r)\bigr)\,dr\qquad\bigl(t\in[a,b]\bigr).

The solution set. Sol(F,ξ)\mathrm{Sol}(F,\xi) is the set of those elements of the set (Rn)[a,b](\mathbb{R}^{n})^{[a,b]} of functions from [a,b][a,b] to Rn\mathbb{R}^{n} that are Carathéodory solutions on [a,b][a,b] of this equation (a subset of a set by The Elements of the Class of Functions from a Set to a Set, and This Class Is a Set (ii), the condition being predicative as it is written with the functions of Functions and Function-Valued Operators Given by Integrals over Subintervals (iv) and Functions and Function-Valued Operators Given by Integrals over Subintervals (iii); by The Elements of the Class of Functions from a Set to a Set, and This Class Is a Set (i), x∈Sol(F,ξ)x\in\mathrm{Sol}(F,\xi) if and only if xx is such a solution).

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