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Euclidean Norm on Rn\mathbb{R}^n

Statement

Let nn be a natural number and let x=(x1,…,xn)x=(x_1,\dots,x_n) be a point of Euclidean space Rn\mathbb{R}^n, so that each coordinate xix_i is a real number. The real numbers form an ordered field, with additive identity 00 and order ≤\le; write t2t^{2} for t⋅tt\cdot t.

By claim 2 of Nonnegativity of Squares in an Ordered Field each summand below satisfies 0≤xi20\le x_i^{2}, so by claim 5 of Properties of Finite Sums the finite sum ∑i=1nxi2\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i^{2} satisfies

0≤∑i=1nxi2.0\le\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i^{2}.

The Euclidean norm of xx is the real number

∥x∥=∑i=1nxi2,\lVert x\rVert=\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}x_i^{2}},

where  ⋅ \sqrt{\ \cdot\ } denotes the nonnegative square root given by Existence and Uniqueness of the Nonnegative Square Root.

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