Basic facts about intervals of natural numbers: [n] consists of the natural numbers up to n, [0] is empty and [1]={1}, [n+1] adds the new element n+1 to [n], an interval splits into two consecutive disjoint intervals, adding p shifts an interval bijectively, and [m] ⊆ [n] exactly when m ≤ n.
In the setting of The Natural Numbers and the Natural Numbers with Zero: Arithmetic, Order, Induction and Recursion, let , and let intervals and be as in Intervals of Natural Numbers §interval and Intervals of Natural Numbers §segment.
, and .
and .
If , then , and these two intervals are disjoint.
The map is a bijection from onto .
if and only if .
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