TheoremBase

Splitting the Segment [m+n] into [m] and a Shifted Copy of [n]

For natural numbers m and n, the segment [m+n] contains [m], and j maps to m+j bijectively from [n] onto the rest of [m+n]; so each k in [m+n] lies either in [m] or is m+j for exactly one j in [n], namely j = k - m.

Statement

In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let m,n∈Nm,n\in\mathbb{N}, with ++, << and ≤\le as in Arithmetic and Order of the Natural Numbers, intervals {a,…,b}\{a,\dots,b\} and segments [p][p] for a,b,p∈N0a,b,p\in\mathbb{N}_{0} as in Intervals of Natural Numbers §interval and Intervals of Natural Numbers §segment, and differences b−ab-a for a,b∈N0a,b\in\mathbb{N}_{0} with a≤ba\le b as in The Difference of Two Natural Numbers with Zero §difference.

m+n∈Nm+n\in\mathbb{N} and [m]⊆[m+n][m]\subseteq[m+n].

For every j∈[n]j\in[n], m+j∈[m+n]m+j\in[m+n] and m+j∉[m]m+j\notin[m]. The map [n]→[m+n]∖[m][n]\to[m+n]\setminus[m], j↦m+jj\mapsto m+j, is a bijection.

Every k∈[m+n]k\in[m+n] lies in exactly one of the sets [m][m] and {m+j:j∈[n]}\{m+j:j\in[n]\}, the latter being the set of values of the map of the clause shift. If kk lies in the second set, then m<km<k, k−m∈[n]k-m\in[n], k=m+(k−m)k=m+(k-m), and j=k−mj=k-m is the only j∈[n]j\in[n] with k=m+jk=m+j.

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