A sequence of measures carrying vector fields converges along couplings to a limit measure and field if some couplings have vanishing torus cost and vanishing mean squared field mismatch.
In the setting of Optimal Transport on the Flat Torus: Standing Notation, let and , and for let and . For and Borel representatives of and , the function on is Borel and nonnegative, and its integral with respect to is at most , by Pairs of Euclidean Points: Coordinate Projections, Pairings, the Product Measure on a Euclidean Space, Borel Norm Functions and Finite Sets §functions and the change-of-variables formula; that integral does not depend on the representatives, by The Lebesgue Integral and Null Sets: Almost-Everywhere Comparison, Markov's Inequality, and Dominated Convergence Almost Everywhere §comparison, and is written .
The sequence converges along couplings to if there are , for , such that the real sequences and both converge to .
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