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A Nonnegative Continuous Function with Zero Integral

Honours to analysis level. A continuous nonnegative function on a closed interval whose integral vanishes is identically zero.

Statement

In the setting of Single-Variable Calculus on an Interval, let a,b∈Ra,b\in\mathbb{R} with a<ba<b, let [a,b][a,b] be the closed interval determined by aa and bb, and let f:[a,b]→Rf:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R} be continuous on [a,b][a,b]. Then ff is Riemann integrable on [a,b][a,b], so the integral appearing below is defined. Suppose that

0≤f(x)for every x∈[a,b],and∫abf(t) dt=0.0\le f(x)\quad\text{for every }x\in[a,b],\qquad\text{and}\qquad \int_a^b f(t)\,dt=0 .

Problem. Show that f(x)=0f(x)=0 for every x∈[a,b]x\in[a,b].

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