TheoremBase

The Nondecreasing Envelope of a Truncated Modulus of Continuity

Given a modulus of continuity and a nonnegative bound M, the running supremum of the modulus truncated at M is a nondecreasing modulus of continuity bounded by M that dominates the truncated modulus (not necessarily the modulus itself).

Statement

In the setting of The Real Numbers: Standing Notation and Background, let T={t∈R:0≤t}T=\{t\in\mathbb{R}:0\le t\}, let ω:T→R\omega:T\to\mathbb{R} be a modulus of continuity, let M∈RM\in\mathbb{R} satisfy 0≤M0\le M, and let min⁡{a,b}\min\{a,b\} denote the minimum of two real numbers. For s∈Ts\in T let

Ω(s)={min⁡{ω(t),M}: t∈T, t≤s};\Omega(s)=\bigl\{\min\{\omega(t),M\}:\ t\in T,\ t\le s\bigr\};

this set is nonempty, since it contains min⁡{ω(0),M}\min\{\omega(0),M\}, and is bounded above by MM, by claim 1 of Elementary Properties of the Minimum of Two Elements, so its supremum sup⁡Ω(s)\sup\Omega(s) is defined. Let ωˉ:T→R\bar{\omega}:T\to\mathbb{R} be the function with value ωˉ(s)=sup⁡Ω(s)\bar{\omega}(s)=\sup\Omega(s) at s∈Ts\in T, called the nondecreasing envelope of ω\omega truncated at MM. Then the following hold.

1. (Modulus of continuity) ωˉ\bar{\omega} is a modulus of continuity, and 0≤ωˉ(s)≤M0\le\bar{\omega}(s)\le M for every s∈Ts\in T.

2. (Monotonicity) ωˉ(s)≤ωˉ(s′)\bar{\omega}(s)\le\bar{\omega}(s') for all s,s′∈Ts,s'\in T with s≤s′s\le s'.

3. (Truncated majorant) min⁡{ω(t),M}≤ωˉ(t)\min\{\omega(t),M\}\le\bar{\omega}(t) for every t∈Tt\in T. In particular, if a∈Ra\in\mathbb{R} satisfies a≤ω(t)a\le\omega(t) and a≤Ma\le M, then a≤ωˉ(t)a\le\bar{\omega}(t).

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