Let R be the real numbers, let E be a nonempty finite set, let T>0 and Λ≥0 be real numbers, and let r∈[0,T). For u∈[0,T] and x,y∈E with x=y let qu(x,y)≥0 be real numbers such that, for all such x,y, the map u↦qu(x,y) is measurable on [0,T] with respect to the trace Borel σ-algebra B[0,T] (below, B[r,T] denotes the trace Borel σ-algebra on [r,T]), and such that
y∈E,y=x∑qu(x,y)≤Λfor all u∈[0,T] and x∈E.
For a function F:E→R and u∈[0,T] define LuF:E→R by
LuF(x)=y∈E,y=x∑qu(x,y)(F(y)−F(x))(x∈E).
For a function μ:E→[0,∞) and F:E→R write μ(F)=∑x∈Eμ(x)F(x).
A family (μu)u∈[r,T] of functions μu:E→[0,∞) is called a solution of the forward equation on [r,T] (for the rates q) if:
(i) for every x∈E the map u↦μu(x) is bounded and measurable on [r,T] with respect to B[r,T]; and
(ii) for every F:E→R and every t∈[r,T],
μt(F)=μr(F)+∫[r,t]μu(LuF)du,
the Lebesgue integral over the compact interval [r,t] (read as 0 when t=r) of the map u↦μu(LuF)=∑x∈Eμu(x)LuF(x), which is bounded and measurable on [r,T] under (i) and the rate hypotheses by Arithmetic, Absolute Values, and Pointwise Limits of Measurable Real-Valued Functions, the restriction to [r,T] of a B[0,T]-measurable map being B[r,T]-measurable (its preimages are intersections of members of B[0,T] with [r,T]), and a bounded measurable function on [r,t] being integrable there since the interval has finite measure.
Then: if (μu)u∈[r,T] and (νu)u∈[r,T] are two solutions of the forward equation on [r,T] for the same rates q with μr=νr, then μt=νt for every t∈[r,T].