TheoremBase

A Derivative Matrix is the Jacobian Matrix, and is Unique

Statement

Let nn and mm be natural numbers, let R\mathbb{R} be the real numbers, and let UU be an open subset of Euclidean space Rn\mathbb{R}^n. Let f:U→Rmf:U\to\mathbb{R}^m with coordinate functions f1,…,fmf_1,\dots,f_m as in Jacobian Matrix of a Map Between Euclidean Spaces, let a∈Ua\in U, and let AA be a real matrix with mm rows and nn columns, its entry in row kk and column ii written AkiA_{ki}.

Suppose that ff is differentiable at aa with derivative matrix AA. Then the following hold.

1. (Partial derivatives) For all natural numbers kk and ii with 1≤k≤m1\le k\le m and 1≤i≤n1\le i\le n, the partial derivative of fkf_k with respect to the iith variable exists at aa with value AkiA_{ki}.

2. (Identification and uniqueness) The Jacobian matrix Df(a)Df(a) is defined, and A=Df(a)A=Df(a). In particular there is exactly one real matrix AA with mm rows and nn columns such that ff is differentiable at aa with derivative matrix AA.

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