TheoremBase

Continuity Between Metric Spaces is Equivalent to Sequential Continuity

A map from a subset of a metric space into a metric space is continuous at a point relative to the subset exactly when it carries sequences in the subset converging to the point to sequences converging to its value; likewise on the whole subset.

Statement

In the setting of The Real Numbers, with the Natural Numbers, Integers and Rationals Identified with Subsets of the Reals, and Completeness, let (X,dX)(X,d_{X}) and (Y,dY)(Y,d_{Y}) be metric spaces, let A⊆XA\subseteq X, let f:A→Yf:A\to Y and let x∈Ax\in A.

If ff is continuous at xx relative to AA, then for every sequence (yn)(y_{n}) in XX with yn∈Ay_{n}\in A for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} that converges to xx in (X,dX)(X,d_{X}), the sequence (f(yn))(f(y_{n})) converges to f(x)f(x) in (Y,dY)(Y,d_{Y}).

Assume the axiom of dependent choice. If for every sequence (yn)(y_{n}) in XX with yn∈Ay_{n}\in A for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} that converges to xx in (X,dX)(X,d_{X}) the sequence (f(yn))(f(y_{n})) converges to f(x)f(x) in (Y,dY)(Y,d_{Y}), then ff is continuous at xx relative to AA.

Assume the axiom of dependent choice. Then ff is continuous on AA if and only if for every x′∈Ax'\in A and every sequence (yn)(y_{n}) in XX with yn∈Ay_{n}\in A for every n∈Nn\in\mathbb{N} that converges to x′x' in (X,dX)(X,d_{X}), the sequence (f(yn))(f(y_{n})) converges to f(x′)f(x') in (Y,dY)(Y,d_{Y}).

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