The number of elements is given by a predicative formula, so counting the members of a family of finite sets, or the subsets of a finite set, defines a map into the natural numbers with zero.
In the setting of Routine Facts Used Without Citation: Arithmetic, Maps, Predicativity and Indices, let finite sets be as in Finite Sets (i), as in The Number of Elements of a Finite Set (i), and the power set of a set .
Counting a family. Let be a set and a family of finite sets. There is exactly one map with for every .
Counting subsets. Let be a finite set. There is exactly one map whose value at every is .
Predicativity. This clause is a statement of the metatheory. Let and be distinct set variables and , and distinct class variables, assigned , and the order of , respectively. There is a predicative formula , whose free variables are among , , , and , such that for all sets and , holds when and are assigned to and if and only if is finite and .
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