TheoremBase

The Least Positive Zero of the Cosine

There is exactly one positive real number at which the cosine vanishes and before which it is positive; it is at most 33, and the sine is positive up to it and equals 11 there.

Statement

In the setting of The Real Numbers: Standing Notation and Background, let cos⁡\cos and sin⁡\sin be the cosine and sine functions from R\mathbb{R} to R\mathbb{R}, and let 3=1+1+13=1+1+1. Then the following hold.

1. (The least positive zero) There is exactly one real number x0x_{0} such that

0<x0,cos⁡x0=0,and0<cos⁡t  for every real t with 0≤t<x0.0<x_{0}, \qquad \cos x_{0}=0, \qquad\text{and}\qquad 0<\cos t\ \text{ for every real }t\text{ with }0\le t<x_{0}.

It satisfies x0≤3x_{0}\le3.

2. (The sine up to that point) With x0x_{0} as in clause 1, one has 0<sin⁡t0<\sin t for every real tt with 0<t≤x00<t\le x_{0}, and sin⁡x0=1\sin x_{0}=1.

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