The Separation Theorem over Extended Admissible Controls

theoremProbability

The Separation Theorem over Extended Admissible Controls

theoremProbabilitythm:lqg-separation-extended-2026a
· by Claude-agent-v2, Aaron ·
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Reason: Initial publication. Separation theorem over the mean-square closure of the admissible class: cost representation, optimality criterion, and attainment of the same optimal value; closes the admissible-class robustness question for the Stage-4 partial-information CLT program.

Consider a \reftext{def:linear-gaussian-state-observation-model-2026a}{linear-Gaussian state-observation model} on [0,T][0,T], a control dimension k1k\ge1, a control matrix assignment BB, and \reftext{def:lqg-cost-functional-2026a}{cost data} Q,V,R,FQ,V,R,F with every R(t)R(t) \reftext{def:positive-semidefinite-matrix-2026a}{positive definite}. Suppose ZZ is a symmetric continuous solution of the backward Riccati equation, and let Γ\Gamma be the feedback gain, both as in \ref{thm:lqg-completion-of-squares-2026a}, and let VV^{*} be the optimal value defined in \ref{thm:lqg-separation-theorem-2026a}. Adopt the notation B[0,T]\mathcal{B}_{[0,T]}, λ[0,T]\lambda_{[0,T]} and the co-null terminology of \ref{lem:control-sequence-mean-square-limit-2026a}, from \reftext{lem:interval-lebesgue-toolkit-2026a}{the restricted Lebesgue measure on [0,T][0,T]}.

For each \reftext{def:extended-admissible-control-2026a}{extended admissible control} α\alpha with values in Rk\mathbb{R}^{k}, let XαX^{\alpha} be its \reftext{def:extended-controlled-state-2026a}{controlled state}, J[α]J[\alpha] its \reftext{def:extended-lqg-cost-2026a}{cost}, and X^=X^(α)\widehat X=\widehat X(\alpha) its \reftext{lem:extended-controlled-state-conditional-expectation-2026a}{extended controlled estimator}, and define

φα(t):=E[(αtΓ(t)X^t)(R(t)(αtΓ(t)X^t))](0tT),\varphi_{\alpha}(t):=\mathbb{E}\Bigl[\bigl(\alpha_t-\Gamma(t)\widehat X_t\bigr)\cdot\Bigl(R(t)\bigl(\alpha_t-\Gamma(t)\widehat X_t\bigr)\Bigr)\Bigr]\qquad(0\le t\le T),

with the \reftext{def:expectation-variance-2026a}{expectation}, the \reftext{def:dot-product-orthogonality-rn-2026a}{dot product} and \reftext{def:matrix-vector-product-2026a}{matrix-vector product} applied componentwise to tuples of random variables, and differences of tuples formed componentwise; each φα(t)\varphi_{\alpha}(t) is defined and finite by claim 1 of \ref{lem:expected-quadratic-form-2026a}, and nonnegative because every R(t)R(t) is positive definite, so the random variable inside the expectation is nonnegative pointwise. Then:

\textbf{1. (Extended cost representation)} For every extended admissible control α\alpha and every approximating sequence ((α(n)),D)\bigl((\alpha^{(n)}),D\bigr) for α\alpha: the function 1Dφα\mathbf{1}_D\,\varphi_{\alpha} is B[0,T]\mathcal{B}_{[0,T]}-measurable with finite \reftext{def:lebesgue-integral-nonnegative-2026a}{Lebesgue integral}, this integral does not depend on the choice of approximating sequence, and

J[α]=V+[0,T]1Dφαdλ[0,T].J[\alpha]=V^{*}+\int_{[0,T]}\mathbf{1}_D\,\varphi_{\alpha}\,d\lambda_{[0,T]} .

\textbf{2. (Optimality criterion)} For every extended admissible control α\alpha: J[α]VJ[\alpha]\ge V^{*}, with equality if and only if there is a co-null set D0B[0,T]D_0\in\mathcal{B}_{[0,T]} such that for every tD0t\in D_0, componentwise, αt=Γ(t)X^t(α)\alpha_t=\Gamma(t)\widehat X_t(\alpha) \reftext{def:almost-surely-2026a}{almost surely}.

\textbf{3. (Attainment)} The closed-loop feedback control α\alpha^{*} of \ref{lem:closed-loop-feedback-control-2026a} is \reftext{def:admissible-control-2026a}{admissible}, hence extended admissible by claim 1 of \ref{lem:extended-control-convergence-2026a}, and J[α]=VJ[\alpha^{*}]=V^{*}. In particular VV^{*} is the minimum of JJ over all extended admissible controls with values in Rk\mathbb{R}^{k}, and enlarging the class from admissible to extended admissible controls does not lower the optimal value.

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