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The Factorial: Recursion, Positivity and Bounds by Powers

The factorial satisfies 0! = 1 and (n+1)! = (n+1)·n!, is at least 1 and nondecreasing, and (n+1)! lies between 2^n and (n+1)^(n+1).

Statement

In the setting of The Natural Numbers and the Natural Numbers with Zero: Arithmetic, Order, Induction and Recursion, let factorials be as in The Factorial of a Natural Number with Zero §factorial and powers in N0\mathbb{N}_{0} as in Powers with Exponents in the Natural Numbers with Zero §power and Powers with Exponents in the Natural Numbers with Zero §zero. Let n∈N0n\in\mathbb{N}_{0}.

0!=10!=1 and (n+1)!=(n+1)⋅n!(n+1)!=(n+1)\cdot n!.

1≤n!≤(n+1)!1\le n!\le(n+1)!.

2n≤(n+1)!2^{n}\le(n+1)!.

(n+1)!≤(n+1)n+1(n+1)!\le(n+1)^{n+1}.

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