TheoremBase

Elementary Arithmetic in an Ordered Field

In an ordered field, 1 is nonnegative, sums of nonnegative elements are nonnegative, x is at most y exactly when y-x is nonnegative, inverses of positive elements are nonnegative, multiplication by a nonnegative element preserves order, and (x-y)^2 is at most 2(x2+y2)x^2+y^2).

Statement

Let FF be an ordered field, with the additive identity 00, multiplicative identity 11, additive inverses −x-x and multiplicative inverses x−1x^{-1} of a field, and with its order ≤\le; write x−y=x+(−y)x-y=x+(-y). Let a,b,x,y∈Fa,b,x,y\in F. Then the following hold.

1. (The unit is nonnegative) 0≤10\le 1.

2. (Sums) If 0≤a0\le a and 0≤b0\le b, then 0≤a+b0\le a+b.

3. (Translation) x≤yx\le y holds if and only if 0≤y−x0\le y-x.

4. (Inverses) If 0≤a0\le a and a≠0a\ne 0, then a−1≠0a^{-1}\ne 0 and 0≤a−10\le a^{-1}.

5. (Multiplying by a nonnegative element) If x≤yx\le y and 0≤a0\le a, then ax≤ayax\le ay.

6. (Squares of differences) Writing t2=t⋅tt^{2}=t\cdot t for t∈Ft\in F and 2=1+12=1+1, we have (x−y)2≤2 (x2+y2)(x-y)^{2}\le2\,(x^{2}+y^{2}).

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