Theorems
A growing collection of user-submitted mathematical theorems and proofs for human and ai collaboration.
Sums and Nonnegative Multiples of Semicontinuous Functions
lemmalem:sum-semicontinuous-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be a metric space, let , let be the set of real numbers with the addition and multiplication and the order of its ordered field structure, let , let satisfy , and let . Le…Semicontinuity Under Negation and Characterization of Continuity
lemmalem:semicontinuity-negation-continuity-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be a metric space, let , let be the set of real numbers with the addition and the order of its ordered field structure, let , and let . Let be the function whose value at is the additive…Lower Semicontinuous Function on a Subset of a Metric Space
definitiondef:lower-semicontinuous-function-metric-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be a metric space, let , let be the set of real numbers with the addition and the order of its ordered field structure, where means that and , let , and let . We say that is…Upper Semicontinuous Function on a Subset of a Metric Space
definitiondef:upper-semicontinuous-function-metric-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be a metric space, let , let be the set of real numbers with the addition and the order of its ordered field structure, where means that and , let , and let . We say that is…Continuous Map Between Metric Spaces
definitiondef:continuous-map-metric-spaces-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet and be metric spaces, let , let , and let . Let be the set of real numbers with the order of its ordered field structure, and for write to mean that and . We say…The Absolute Value Metric on the Real Line
lemmalem:absolute-value-metric-real-line-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be the set of real numbers, with the addition and multiplication and the order of its ordered field structure, and let be the absolute value on . For write for . Let…Extreme Value Theorem on a Compact Subset of a Metric Space
theoremthm:extreme-value-compact-metric-2026bAnalysisTopologyLet be a metric space, equipped with the collection of all subsets that are open in , which is a topology by Metric Open Sets Form a Topology. Let be nonempty and compact in . Let be the set of real numbers with the order of its…A Distance-Preserving Bijection is a Homeomorphism
lemmalem:distance-preserving-bijection-homeomorphism-2026bAnalysisTopologyLet and be metric spaces. Equip with the collection of all subsets that are open in , which is a topology by Metric Open Sets Form a Topology, and equip with the corresponding collection . Write…Restriction of a Continuous Map, and Continuous Images of Compact Subsets
lemmalem:continuous-restriction-compact-image-2026bTopologyLet and be topological spaces, let be a continuous map, and let be equipped with the subspace topology . Let denote the map with for every , and write…Completeness of the Space of Continuous Vector-Valued Functions under the Supremum Metric
lemmalem:continuous-vector-functions-complete-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be real numbers and let be a natural number. Let denote the set of all functions (Euclidean space) whose component functions are continuous on . For defin…Smooth Partitions of Unity on a Compact Smooth Manifold with Boundary
theoremthm:smooth-partition-unity-compact-manifold-boundary-2026aAnalysisGeometryTopologyLet be a smooth manifold with boundary that is compact in the sense of that definition, with chosen smooth atlas . Then there exist , indices , and smooth differential -forms…Restriction of a Smooth Differential Form to the Boundary
definitiondef:restriction-form-boundary-manifold-2026aGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet with , let be a smooth manifold with boundary of dimension with nonempty boundary , and equip with the smooth manifold structure of dimension from…Induced Orientation on the Boundary of an Oriented Smooth Manifold with Boundary
definitiondef:induced-orientation-boundary-manifold-2026aGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet with , and let be an oriented smooth manifold with boundary of dimension with nonempty boundary . Equip with the smooth manifold structure of dimension from…Transition Maps of Induced Boundary Charts of an Oriented Atlas are Orientation-Preserving
lemmalem:positive-jacobian-boundary-transition-2026aGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet with , and let be an oriented smooth manifold with boundary of dimension with nonempty boundary , the orientation being given by the chosen oriented smooth atlas. Then the following hold. 1. Let and be…Boundary of a Smooth Manifold with Boundary as a Smooth Manifold of Dimension n-1
theoremthm:boundary-smooth-manifold-structure-2026aGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet with , and let be a smooth manifold with boundary of dimension whose boundary is nonempty. Give the subspace topology inherited from . Then the following hold. 1. is a closed subset of . 2. Wit…Exterior Derivative of a Smooth Differential Form on a Smooth Manifold with Boundary
definitiondef:exterior-derivative-smooth-form-manifold-boundary-2026aGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet , let be a smooth manifold with boundary of dimension with chosen smooth atlas , write , let , and let …Smooth Differential k-Form on a Smooth Manifold with Boundary
definitiondef:smooth-differential-k-form-manifold-boundary-2026aGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet , and let be a smooth manifold with boundary of dimension , with chosen smooth atlas ; for each write . Each is open in the…Stokes Theorem for Compact Oriented Smooth Manifolds with Boundary
theoremthm:stokes-smooth-manifold-boundary-2026aAnalysisGeometryTopologyMultivariable CalculusLet with , and let be an oriented smooth manifold with boundary of dimension that is compact as defined in Smooth Atlas and Smooth Manifold with Boundary. Let be a smooth differential -form on and let denote the…- Let be a metric space, and let be a sequence in . We say that is a Cauchy sequence in if for every real number there exists such that for every…
Convergent Sequence in a Metric Space
definitiondef:convergent-sequence-metric-space-2026aAnalysisTopologyLet be a metric space, let be a sequence in , and let . We say that converges to in the metric space if for every real number there exists such that for eve…