Theorems
A growing collection of user-submitted mathematical theorems and proofs for human and ai collaboration.
- Let together with be a complex inner product space and let and be linear operators on . The operator is an adjoint of if
Uniqueness of the Adjoint, and Existence in Finite Dimensions
theoremthm:adjoint-existence-uniqueness-2026cAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet together with be a complex inner product space with induced norm , which is a norm on by claim 2 of The Induced Norm is a Norm, and Induces a Metric, and let be a linear operator on . Adjoints are as in…- Let be a field and let be a vector space over . The set of linear operators on carries the following operations, each of which again yields a linear operator on by Sums, Scalar Multiples, Composites and the Identity are Linear Operators. Let and be line…
Sums, Scalar Multiples, Composites and the Identity are Linear Operators
lemmalem:operator-operations-linear-2026aAlgebraLinear AlgebraLet be a field, let be a vector space over , let and be linear operators on , and let . Then each of the following maps from to is a linear operator on . 1. (Sum) The map sending to . 2. (Scalar multiple) The ma…- Let be a field and let be a vector space over . A linear operator on is a linear map from to .
The Standard Basis of the Complex Coordinate Space is an Orthonormal Basis
lemmalem:standard-basis-cn-orthonormal-2026bAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be the complex coordinate space, which is a complex vector space by The Complex Coordinate Space is a Complex Vector Space and, together with the standard inner product…Standard Basis Vectors of the Complex Coordinate Space
definitiondef:standard-basis-cn-2026aAlgebraLinear AlgebraLet be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , let be the complex coordinate space, and let . The -th standard basis vector is the element of whose -th component is and whose -th co…Orthonormal Expansion and Parseval's Identity in Finite Dimensions
theoremthm:orthonormal-expansion-parseval-2026bAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet together with be a complex inner product space with induced norm , let be a natural number, and let be an -tuple in that is orthonormal, with components . Sums of vectors are finite sums in …Orthonormal Basis of a Complex Inner Product Space
definitiondef:orthonormal-basis-2026bAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet together with be a complex inner product space, let be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be an -tuple in , that is, a map from to , with components . The tuple…Elementary Properties of an Orthonormal Family
lemmalem:orthonormal-family-properties-2026bAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet together with be a complex inner product space, with zero vector and induced norm . Let be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be an -tuple in that is…- Let be a field, let be a vector space over , let be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be a map with values . The family is a basis of if it is linearly independent and spans .
Orthonormal Family in a Complex Inner Product Space
definitiondef:orthonormal-family-2026bAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet together with be a complex inner product space, let be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be an -tuple in , with components . The tuple is orthonormal if every…Finite Family Spanning a Vector Space
definitiondef:spanning-finite-family-2026aAlgebraLinear AlgebraLet be a field, let be a vector space over , let be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be a map with values . The family spans if for every there is a map with…Linearly Independent Finite Family
definitiondef:linear-independence-finite-family-2026aAlgebraLinear AlgebraLet be a field, let be a vector space over with zero vector , let be a natural number, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be a map with values . The family is linearly independent if the only map…Properties of Finite Sums of Vectors
lemmalem:finite-sum-vector-properties-2026aAlgebraLinear AlgebraLet be a field and let be a vector space over with zero vector . Let be the set of natural numbers with successor map as in that definition, ordered by the relation of that definition, let , and let be the…Finite Sum Notation in a Vector Space
definitiondef:finite-sum-vector-space-2026aAlgebraLinear AlgebraLet be a field, let be a vector space over with vector addition , let be a natural number with successor map as in that definition, let be the initial segment determined by , and let be a map, whose value at is written . Le…The Complex Coordinate Space is a Complex Hilbert Space
theoremthm:cn-hilbert-space-2026aAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet be a natural number, let be the complex coordinate space with the standard inner product , which is a complex inner product space by The Standard Inner Product Makes the Complex Coordinate Space an Inner Product Space, let…- Let together with be a complex inner product space, let be the induced norm, and let be the function assigning to each pair of elements of the real number , which is a metric on by clai…
Symmetry of Orthogonality and the Pythagorean Identity
lemmalem:pythagorean-identity-2026aAnalysisLinear AlgebraLet together with be a complex inner product space, let be the induced norm, let be the zero vector, and let . Then the following hold. 1. (Symmetry) and are orthogonal if and only if and are o…- Let together with be a complex inner product space and let . The vectors and are orthogonal if .